A Rose for Emily vs Killings Essay - 1139 Words

English 2010 March 20, 2013 â€Å"A Rose for Emily† vs â€Å"Killings† The story â€Å"A Rose for Emily† was written by William Faulkner. The other story I am using to compare and contrast with is â€Å"Killings† written by Andre Dubus. These stories are similar in plot and theme. Both of these stories deal with murder, love and revenge. Though, love and murder are presented in different ways in the two stories. The main character in both these stories are of the opposite sex and they are both the protagonist. â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is about a women named Emily Grierson and her mysterious life as a southern belle. While â€Å"Killings† is based on a man named Matt Fowler who commits a bad crime. Faulkner and Dubus start both short stories â€Å"A Rose for Emily†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦Matt is a middle class man who becomes obsessed with the need to get revenge on his son’s death. His son Frank is killed by a man named Richard. He is the husband and dads father of the women his son is in love with. This is what leads Matt into killing someone he wants pay back for his son death. Matt kills because he loves. Emily was obsessed with holding on to the past and to avoid change. When her father dies she is really sad. She then meets a man named Homer Barron. She is afraid she will lose him too because he is not the kind of guy to settle down. So if she kills him she could at least still be able to see him after he is dead because she will keep his dead body in her house. By her keeping the body in the house it shows she had a hard time of letting go. Emily kills because of her extreme love. The stories are similar in a way that both characters Matt and Emily kill because of their strong act of love. They kill out of love for someone. Emily killed Homer because she was afraid to be alone. As for Matt, he killed for closure for his son’s death. This makes the reader sympathize with the protagonist who show their love by murdering someone. Another similarity in the stories is both of the characters are about their life styles and reasons for their actions. Emily and Matt are both seeking revenge. Matt murders Richard and Emily murders Homer out of revenge. Both character are strong and do what needs to be done. They are the sameShow MoreRelatedcompare contrast1165 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿A Rose for Emily Vs. A Worn Path In the pages of the short stories, â€Å"A Worn Path† and â€Å"A Rose for Emily† we are able to see a similar side and connection between the two. As we look at the theme, tone, and morals we are able to better grasp the conflict in these two stories, while detecting whether the two protagonists, Miss Emily and Phoenix Jackson are psychologically splintered. The main moral in â€Å"A Worn Path† is the love, and life of Phoenix Jackson. â€Å"Though quite old and suffering fromRead MoreDifferences Between Northern and Southern Writers3020 Words   |  13 Pagesenemy with many disguises. Many Puritans excitedly awaited the millennium, when Jesus would return to Earth, end human misery, and give them 1,000 years of peace and prosperity. Southern writer; William Faulkner, with his American classic, â€Å"A Rose for Emily† and Flannery O’Connor’s, â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find†, compared to Northern writers Nathaniel Hawthorne and Andre Dubus. Geographic’s and life experiences are driving factors and motivators for many authors. Southern writers use familiar elementsRead MorePersuasive Essay On Hollywood Scandal1146 Words   |  5 Pagesexposed and accused of drugging and raping over 50 women? What about when Roman Polanski drugged and raped an underage girl in the 1970 s, fled to Europe, but still got to make movies that won Academy Awards. More Hollywood Abuse Scandal:  Why Is Rose McGowan Suspended From Twitter? What I m getting at is there s a long history of Hollywood bigwigs getting away with disgusting acts against women and men, then getting away with it. Why? Money and power. I wrote something similar about LindsayRead MoreJustice Can Still Be Served: And Then There Were None Essay1846 Words   |  8 Pagesthem for a short amount of time and then sell them. While she liked doing those things, she didn’t like crowds, loud music, wireless, cinemas, and gramophones. She also didn’t like the taste of alcohol and the smell of smoke. Agatha Christie has a rose named after her (Kunitz 279; â€Å"Agatha Christie Biography†; â€Å"75 facts about Christie†). In 1926, Christie’s mother died. In that same year she discovered that her husband was in love with another woman. On December 6, she suffered a mental breakdownRead MoreAmerican Literature11652 Words   |  47 Pagesships and being on ships? After thinking about these questions, the reader can go back and attach these ideas that a ship implies to the thing to which the ship is compared, and finally try to fit these ideas into the overall meaning of the poem. See Emily Dickinson s poem There is No Frigate Like a Book on page 575 ofStructure, Sound, and Sense. Importantly, poets often place images in opposition to each other. This creates what is known as tension. Tension is often an important clue to the meaningRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 PagesJuggernaut Starbucks: A Paragon of Growth and Employee Benefits Finds Storms Boston Beer: Is Greater Growth Possible? 29 46 PART II MARKETING WARS 61 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Cola Wars: Coca-Cola vs. Pepsi PC Wars: Hewlett-Packard vs. Dell Airliner Wars: Boeing vs. Airbus; and Recent Outsourcing Woes 63 86 PART III COMEBACKS Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 McDonald’s: Rebirth Through Moderation Harley-Davidson: Creating An Enduring Mystique Continental Airlines:Read MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesfascist, and Japanese militarist contempt for civil rights, much less even peaceful protest, opened the way for brutally repressive regimes that actively promoted or systematically engineered the massive episodes of rape, oppression, and genocidal killing that were major offshoots of a second global conflict in the early 1940s. The barbarous treatment meted out to tens of millions of men, women, and children in a decade that marked the nadir of recorded human history provided much of the impetusRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages.............................................................................. 299 CHAPTER 10 Deductive Reasoning .......................................................................................... 312 x Implying with Certainty vs. with Probability ................................................................................ 312 Distinguishing Deduction from Induction ..................................................................................... 319 Review of MajorRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 PagesVERNER Tomas DAVYDOV Sergei CHIPER Gheorghe DINEV Ivan DAMBIER Frederic LINDEMANN Stefan KOVALEVSKI Anton BERNTSSON Kristoffer PFEIFER Viktor TOTH Zoltan ARAKAWA Shizuka COHEN Sasha SLUTSKAYA Irina SUGURI Fumie ROCHETTE Joannie MEISSNER Kimmie HUGHES Emily ââ€"  Data set available online M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M F F F F F F F 178 173 177 176 175 172 179 177 165 170 176 163 170 183 180 159 176 174 163 163 171 175 180 185 166 157 160 157 157 160 165 41.2100 39.2500 37.1700

Macbeth As A Tyrant Essay - 1281 Words

The Downfall of a Tyrant Shakespeare wrote Macbeth in 1606, during the reign of James I, who was James IV of Scotland before he became the King of England. James I, was a sponsor of Shakespeare’s theatre, so it is clear that Shakespeare’s work was affected by James I’s sensitivities. Murder and intrigue was a part of the Scottish Reign when James was growing, and in fact, James’s father was murdered when he was just a baby. Macbeth tells the story of a Scottish general who, through prophecies received from three witches and manipulations of his wife, believed that he would become the King of Scotland. He murders King Duncan and grabs the throne to satisfy the burning ambition of his subconscious. Power did not bring him peace or comfort;†¦show more content†¦Just to emphasize the suggested supernatural relationship further, the witches took help from Satan and Demon to make their magic work. The unnatural abilities like conjuring evil potions in Act 4 Scene 1 â€Å"Round about the cauldron go.†of the witches would not have gone far if it was not for the very natural burning ambition of Lady Macbeth in alluring Macbeth to murder the king. The King of Scotland was well liked by the people of Scotland but Lady of the house was naturally devilish, accepting all means to achieve her goal. The three witches happen to be the first characters to be introduced in Macbeth and were one of the main cause of the title character’s evil and unpredicted actions. Shakespeare used the stereotype about witches being ugly and wise women yielding evil powers and described them as the ‘Three Weird Sisters.’ They play the role of informants who convey a message to Macbeth, which eventually caused him to kill King Duncan as well as the Macduff and Banquo’s families. Their key skill, in fact, was to penetrate Macbeth’s troubled subconscious, which already contained a demonic desire for power and the throne. The witches just supplied the simple trigger; they have predicted that he would become the Thane of Cawdor and the King. Witches speak in a form of verses with rhyming couplets, whereShow MoreRelated Macbeth - Macbeth The Tyrant Essay examples723 Words   |  3 Pages At the beginning of the play Macbeth is seen as a courageous soldier who is loyal to the King but is corrupted from the witches prophecies and by his and Lady Macbeth’s ambition. Their marriage is of convenience for Lady Macbeth, but for Macbeth it is more than that. He loves his wife, and she takes advantage of that. She is continuously making him feel guilty, for being weak, and challenges his manhood, with these words quot;When you durst do it, then you were a man, and, to be more than whatRead MoreIs Macbeth A Tragic Hero Or A Tyrant? Essay920 Words   |  4 PagesIs Macbeth A Tragic Hero Or A Tyrant? Macbeth, one of Shakespeares most emotive plays, is set in Scotland during the 11th Century and follows the downfall of a man who is led by temptation to mass murder and cruelty. Macbeth, at different stages in the play, demonstrates many of the characteristics of both an evil tyrant and a tragic hero. However, a tragic hero is defined as a great man who falls because of a fatal flaw and Macbeth bests fits this description. ThereforeRead More Essay on the Tyrant in Richard III and Macbeth1831 Words   |  8 PagesThe Tyrant in Richard III and Macbeth  Ã‚   In Richard III and Macbeth Shakespeare used the title characters to reveal the typical characteristics of the tyrant such as limited foresight, mental instability, paranoia, the alienation of allies, and a clearly defined persona of evilness. Both Richard III and Macbeth are noblemen that usurp the crown through treachery, deceitfulness, and murder. Their rule is short-lived, though, because the reign with fear and terror. This clearly sets themRead More Macbeth - Noble Soldier to Bloody Tyrant Essay1335 Words   |  6 PagesMacbeth - Noble Soldier to Bloody Tyrant    The purpose of tragedy is to arouse in the audience emotions of fear or pity, and to produce a catharsis-a relieving cleansing-of these emotions. Macbeth is the most horrific of Shakespeares tragedies because the protagonist commits such bloodthirsty acts. Apart from on the battlefield, however, this brutality is not evident when we first meet the hero.   General Macbeth is a man of military and political importance, the heroic Thane of GlamisRead MoreMacbeth Character Essay779 Words   |  4 PagesEssay: Introduction: An important character in ‘Macbeth’ by William Shakespeare was Macbeth. Macbeth is shown as the protagonist of the play and is the person who drives the plot of the drama. Macbeth changes dramatically throughout the play as in the start he is portrayed as the tragic hero who would do anything for his King and country. As the plays continue he becomes ambitious and, encouraged by a prophecy. After that, he ends up killing a lot of people/becoming a tyrant. Paragraph 1: AtRead MoreHow Macbeths Character Changes throughout the Play1725 Words   |  7 PagesHow Macbeths Character Changes throughout the Play In this essay I would be looking at Macbeth’s character on how he changes throughout the play and to base this evidence on weather he was a tyrant or a tragic hero. The play focuses on the changing character of Macbeth and his increasing greed for power. Many factors contribute to the changes to Macbeth throughout the play which cause the character to deteriorate from a man with nobility and good intentions to oneRead MoreMacbeth Analysis Essay1209 Words   |  5 PagesIn the beginning of the play Macbeth and Macduff are very similar in many aspects including rank, leadership, belief, and loyalty. But as the play unfolds, Shakespeare reveals these two characters are as different as night from day. In this essay I will compare and contrast the characters of the murderous Macbeth, and the forthright Macduff. I will consider their status within the Scottish society and the depth of their intelligence. I will also evaluate their actions and their relationships withRead MoreCause Of Macbeths Downfall955 Words   |  4 PagesThe Causes of Macbeths Downfall Essay (English Yearly) INTRODUCTION {DON’T HAVE TOO MANY FACTS IN INTRODUCTION ANAYLISE MORE USING THE FIRST SECTIONS OF EACH PARAGRAPH} Macbeth is a powerful and emotionally intense play. As an audience, we see how a well-regarded and loyal soldier change to a murderous tyrant. Lady Macbeth continuously pressures Macbeth, when he fears he has gone too far, playing a major role in his downfall. It is his ambition, along with the influence of his wife and the strainRead More Macbeth - Kingship Essay1609 Words   |  7 PagesWith detailed reference to the characters of Macbeth, Duncan, Malcolm and Edward in the play ‘Macbeth’, analyse William Shakespeare’s ideas and attributes towards kingship and assess what you think the audiences reaction to the play would be at the time. Shakespeare’s ideas towards kingship can be seen throughout the play. He shows that a king should be chosen by divine right and shows the attributes of what a good king should be. The play ‘Macbeth’ is set in medieval Scotland at the fictionalRead MoreShakespeare - His View on Kingship1600 Words   |  7 Pagesand shows the attributes of what a good king should be. The play ‘Macbeth is set in medieval Scotland at the fictional time of King Duncan. Scotland is currently at war with the Norwegians when news of their victory comes through, with thanks to the two leaders of the army Macbeth and Banquo. On their travel home Macbeth and Banquo stumble upon some old hags, and they predict Macbeths future to him. This startles Macbeth and his hunger for power grows so much that he and his wife plot to murder

The Change of Video From Analog to the Digital Free Essays

DVD is an exciting new technology because of the following benefits: up to nine hours of studio-quality video and multiple channel surround sound simultaneous multiple language support and interactivity other digital video delivery systems, including direct broadcast satellite, wireless cable and digital cable Digital video changes all aspects of video production. Up to this point video has been recorded and transmitted as analog electrical system. Analog video transmitters and receivers can be built inexpensively but are very expensive to transmit and store. We will write a custom essay sample on The Change of Video From Analog to the Digital or any similar topic only for you Order Now Also, today ¡s strong digital computers cannot process analog signals, so analog information cannot be easily searched, sorted or edited. The change of video from the analog to the digital domain changes everything. Digital video can be stored and distributed more inexpensively than analog, and digital video can be stored on randomly accessible media such as a magnetic disk drive (hard discs), and optical disc media (CDs). When stored on randomly accessible media, video can be used in other applications such as games, education, training, and other applications. Even movies can become interactive, allowing viewers to select their point of view, a plot path and the ending. Digital video also significantly increases transmission efficiency so that communications networks, everything from television systems to telecommunication satellites, are able to carry from six to ten times more channels of video programming than was possible before, thereby offering more consumer choice. The ability to transmit video over the public phone network will also allow video conferencing, accelerating the work at home movement that is changing the way people are employed. DVDs can hold 4.7 to 17 billion bytes of digital data on a 120-mm (4.75 inch) disc. This can mean up to nine hours of studio quality video and multi-channel surround-sound audio, highly interactive multimedia computer programs, 30 hours of CD-quality audio, or anything else that can be represented as digital data. A DVD looks like a CD. It is a silvery platter, 4.75 inches in diameter with a hole in the center. Data is recorded on the disc in a spiral trail of tiny pits, and the discs are read using a laser beam. DVDs hold more information because the pits are smaller and the spiral is tighter and can record data in as many as four layers, two on each side of the disc. Lasers that have a shorter wavelength beam of light are more accurate aiming and focusing mechanisms. These are used to read the DVDs. In fact, the focusing mechanism is the technology that allows data to be recorded in two layers. To read the second layer, the reader focuses the laser deeper into the disc, where the second layer of data is recorded. Not only are two-layer discs possible, but double sided as well. This ability of four layers gives DVD its 17 gigabyte capacity. Since a 135-minute movie fits on a single DVD layer however, single-layer DVDs will be the most common. Philips was founded in 1891 by Gerald Philips in Eindhoven, the Netherlands as a manufacturer of incandescent lamps and other electronics. From its small beginning, Philips has emerged as one of today ¡s global leaders in electronics. As a thirty-nine billion-dollar company, Philips successfully competes in a wide range of markets such as consumer products, lighting, semiconductors, professional products and systems. Philips currently has a workforce of more than 250,000. The company has 243 production facilities scattered throughout twenty-five countries. Philips sells and services its products in 150 countries and their stock is traded in 16 stock exchanges in nine countries. The company presently has seven different product divisions and one hundred businesses in value based competitive analysis. Philips ranked first worldwide in lighting, color picture tubes, shavers, and dictation equipment. They are second in laser optics and monitors. The company is third among consumer electronics and medical imagining equipment. To maintain leadership in global markets through innovation, Philips reinvests 5.3% of its sales into research and development and has research laboratories in six countries. Through its commitment in research, Philips has come up with at least ten thousand inventions in field of optical recording, digital audio coding, digital video coding and mobile telephony. The company is a holder of 60,000 patents and design rights and almost 30,000 trademarks registrations. Philips possesses key patents in optical recording (CD-Audio, CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-Video, DVD-ROM), digital audio coding (MPEG-2 audio compression) and mobile telephony (GMS and CDMA). Philips Magnavox was formed in 1974 when the two companies decided to join forces. Along with the Philips brand, there are several other name brands including, but not limited to, Marantz and Norelco. Philips Magnavox released the DVD400AT video player on April 30, 1997 at a retail price of $549. The new device allows for richer sound and video quality that was found  ¡V until then  ¡V only in movie theaters. In 1960 Akio Morita began Sony ¡s first major overseas venture in the United States in New York City with a capital investment of $500,000. They employed six people initially but would grow into one of the largest components of Sony ¡s worldwide operations. Currently, Sony Electronics, Inc. in North America has one-third of Sony ¡s corporate assets worldwide. They are the largest geographical operation of the corporation. They rake in some $9.6 billion sales on a given year and roughly $1.3 billion in exports. The North American plants employ a total of 24,000 people whose job range from manufacturing to customer service to research and development and marketing and sales. During the 1995 Consumer Electronics show, Sony debuted the first prototype DVD player in the United States. On January 8, 1997, Sony Electronics released their first DVD player at a retail price of about $1,000  ¡V a big difference from today ¡s $400 price tag. John Briesch, President of Sony Electronics A/V Group said,  ¡Ã‚ §We have designed our first DVD player, model DVP-S7000, as a high-end product to deliver not only reference-standard DVD video quality, but state-of-the-art CD sound as well. ¡ Panasonic introduced its first products into the U.S. market in 1961. The founder of its parent company  ¡V Matsushita Electric Industrial Company Co.  ¡V Konosuke Matsushita believed that  ¡Ã‚ §Matsushita makes people before it makes products. ¡ He basically believed that valuing employees first would lead to better quality products. It seems that his successors have carried out his vision because Panasonic continues to sell high quality products in the U.S. and abroad. The company currently employs 19,500 people in factories, sales companies, service centers and research facilities in the U.S., Puerto Rico, Mexico and Canada. Divx is the latest technology to revolutionize DVD players. Divx movies are synonymous with movie rentals in the sense they can be viewed for a set period of time (48 hours from the time of the initial playing). Unlike traditional movie rentals, Divx doesn ¡t have any late fees tacked on to the price. In addition, there are no late night trips to the video store to return movies. A Divx movie costs an average of $4.50, which includes an initial viewing time of forty-eight hours from the time of pressing the play button. After that time is up, an additional forty-eight hours can be purchased for $3.25. It is done through the internal modem to an 800 number and information is uploaded back to the CD on a very small chip. This can be repeated as often as the user likes. Also, a person may decide a movie on Divx is worth watching over and over. During this case, a Dixv can be converted into a movie that has unlimited playing time and is like a regular DVD movie. Technological and social/cultural shifts: With the advent of the DVD, more and more data can be stored on a single disc. In addition, the DVD is far more interactive than the traditional VHS tape. For example, on a DVD two or more languages can be stored. That couldn ¡t happen on a VHS tape because of limiting recording time. Furthermore, people don ¡t have to leave their house to watch a DVD. With the emergency of e-commerce on the Internet an individual can order a movie off of the web and have it delivered to the front door within days. This takes away from the social interaction with people that occurs in a store setting. People are able to use the DVD to learn another language. Take for instance a DVD that has superstar French-Canadian Celine Dion singing her various songs. One option in the program is to change the lyrics that are displayed on the screen to French. As Celine Dion sings in English, the words matching up to what she is singing are displayed on the bottom of the screen. This is an excellent way to learn another language. There are many different ways that are now being developed to copyright protect the movies, programs and videos etc. that are on the new DVDs. The three most common ways that were found to be used already to protect DVDs are: Regional coding, Content scrambling system and the Copy generation management system (CGMS). When you buy your first DVD drive and install it, you now have to enter the zone in which you live. The world is divided into six sections, with Canada and the United States as zone 1. The DVD disc also has its own codes that allow it to be played in certain parts of the world and not in others. This forces people that buy DVD discs in Zone 1 to also have to utilize discs that are coded for Zone 1. This prohibits movies that are produced in other Zones from being used where they should not be. The code can however be changed on your DVD drive. The code can only be changed a couple of times, thus prohibiting people from changing the code constantly and abusing the protection. It allows the user to change the code a couple of times so that if they move to a different zone they will not be penalized. The second type of encryption is called the Content Scrambling System. (CSS) This is a key-based data encryption that  ¡Ã‚ §sets up a protocol whereby your drive and the disc exchange keys. ¡ The keys are legal, registered mechanism of the Content Scrambling System. Any hardware that is sold or brought into different zones must be registered. When the keys are found to be authentic, then the DVDs can be decrypted. The third type of protection comes from the VCR technology that we are all very familiar with. The Copy Generation Management System is the technology that makes it impossible to copy two videos between two VCRs with a good resolution and brightness. This system works by embedding a signal in a part of the video that is not usually seen by the user. This signal causes the brightness of the video to vary and for the picture to be unreliable. This same technology has been implemented for use with DVDs. Although it seems possible that some people may be able to overcome these copyright traps, the user has to have at least an 8, 10 or 17 GB hard drive. How to cite The Change of Video From Analog to the Digital, Essay examples

It Is the Minor Characters Who Create Much of the Interest in Jane Eyre free essay sample

Minor Characters often act as the catalysts for larger events with in a characters life; it is through interaction with people around them that our protagonists are defined and redefined. It is thought this interaction and the interest individual characters evoke that make minor characters with in both these novels so vital. This essay will explore how minor characters with in the novels ‘Jane Eyre’ and ‘Wide Sargasso Sea’ impact upon the lives of our central characters; as well as the interest they bring through their individual complexities, and how this in turn creates much of the interest with in these novels. Within the troubled childhoods of our protagonists particular importance is often placed upon the parental figures with in there early lives. Within ‘Jane Eyre’ Mrs Reed and Mr Brocklehurst are the most notable examples of this. Mrs. Reed and Mr. Brocklehurst both take the needy in to their care, but do not take care of them. Mrs. Reed abuses Jane and allows her children, especially her son, John to abuse her behind her back. Mr. Brocklehurst is far worse and attempts to justify himself through the farce of education, justifying his cruelty by claiming that his ‘aim is not to pamper the body but strengthen the soul’. Whilst both appear at first glance to be generous benefactors, they are in fact disguising a rotten core- this acts as an interesting metaphor for the corruption within the class system- and is a continuing theme throughout the novel, as we later notice the wealthy exterior of Thornfield disguises a dark secret. Similarly Annette also experiences injustice with in her childhood from people in positions of guardianship and authority; the most notable example being Annette, her mother. It is Annette’s cruelty and her mysterious death that creates much of the interest with in the novel. An example of this indifference is when Annette wishes to leave Jamaica and comments ‘It is not safe for Pierre’, in this moment it is as if Annette forgets she has another child, creating sympathy for Antoinette from the audience and causing us to wonder, why? Just like Jane’s early disconnection with her parental/custodian figures Annette’s lack of bond with her mother shapes the character she will later become, and engages the reader by providing a character who has many depths and who has the ability to be altered throughout the novel. Annette’s death also presents another point of interest for the reader, Antoinette comments upon her passing casually and we are never made aware of how she truly died. This foreshadows the mysterious death of Antoinette and as the reader is already aware at this point of Annette’s mental deterioration we begin to wonder how it is that the novel will end. Interestingly this proceeds in to a cycle with in Jane Eyre as Bertha’s death causes the reader to question: what will become of Jane? Helen Burns acts as a very positive point of interest with in Jane Eyre. It is firstly important to note the name Bronte used for ‘Helen Burns’. Firstly fire has positive connotations in ‘Jane Eyre’ and is often associated with positive destruction, as the name Helen can be translated to ‘reed’ this may refer to the destruction of Mrs Reed’s negative impact upon Jane. It also seems to have religious connotations as it sounds like a Minimal Pair of Hell burns, which mirrors Helen’s deeply religious character. The biggest impact Helen has with in the novel is that she teaches Jane the lesson of forgiveness; whilst Jane begins her time at Lowood believing that’s she should ‘fight fire with fire’ Helen teaches her to ‘return good for evil’. This is significant as later in the novel Jane proves this lesson learnt when she forgives Mrs Reed at her death bed. Helens influence may also be why Jane chooses to leave Rochester after discovering the existence of Bertha; it is in this moment that she again illustrates a self-sacrificing nature much like Helen’s. This not only creates interest because of the events triggered with in the novel from Helen’s teachings but Helen also gives a moral to the story. Miss Temple also has a semi-allegorical aspect; for eight years, she provides Jane with a place of refuge, which is mirrored in her name ‘Temple’. Miss Temple also provides Jane with a female role model she was lacking in early life. These two characters provide the novel with a religious undertone, and provide Bronte with a voice to comment upon her own religious beliefs and to question the morality with in Victorian society. Antoinette’s experience differs from Jane’s; the only character who is consistently kind to Antoinette throughout the novel is Christophine. In the case of Miss Temple and Helen Burns to Jane, Christophine becomes a role model to Antoinette. As a woman of colour, Christophine should be doubly disadvantaged by the patriarchal imperialism that rules the West Indies in the post-emancipation period. Yet, she is in many ways likened to the White men that are apparently more civilized than her. Christophine even seems to share the same values as these men: ‘Three children I have†¦each one a different father, but no husband, I thank my God’. However, whilst Jane finds an antidote to her passion and inner ‘id’, Christophine’s passion only adds fuel to Antoinette’s, resulting in her eventual destruction. Christophine’s character also adds much of the mystery to the novel, her practice of Obeah adds a sense of foreboding to the novel and paints her as a character to be feared, and compared to the ‘civilised’ Mr Rochester. Minor characters can also act as points of comparison for both the reader and the protagonist. In ‘Jane Eyre’ both Blanche Ingram and Bertha are provided as characters to be contrasted with Jane. Firstly Blanche Ingram is viewed by Jane as her love rival for Rochester’s attentions. In creating contrasting portraits of herself and Blanche, Jane emphasizes her own plainness. To Blanche, on the other hand, she gives the loveliest face she can imagine; here Janes passions become hyperbolic, as she cannot fully discipline her jealousy of Blanche. However Bronte’s use of words describes a much different character, she is described as having ‘raven-black’ hair arranged in glossy curls, and ‘brilliant black eyes’, which contrast with the ‘pure white’ clothes she wears. As with Janes descriptions of Mrs. Reed and her son John, ‘darkness’ often has negative connotations. Therefore, Janes (and so Bronte’s) description of Blanche, which emphasizes her dark, Spanish features, implies a negative side of her personality and creates dramatic irony i. e. It allows the reader to know that Blanche will not end up with Rochester instead of Jane. Within ‘Wide Sargasso Sea’ Bertha is most prominently compared with her mother, Bertha’s true name ‘Antoinette’ means ‘daughter of Annette’ and part of the reason why Rochester changes Antoinette’s name is that he fears she will become mad just like her. Unfortunately this is the fate that Antoinette meets; and not only does she suffer the ‘anglicising’ that her mother experienced at the hands of her husband but also the dissent in to madness. Providing her mother as a point of comparison not only foreshadows Antoinette’s fate, creating more suspense for the reader, but also causes the reader to question whether Antoinette’s madness was hereditary or a result of Rochester’s cruelty. In conclusion minor characters with in ‘Jane Eyre’ do create much of the interest It is a combination of their influence on our protagonist and the opportunity they provide for the authors to comment upon society and the protagonist they have created that makes minor characters such a point of interest for the reader.

The USS Constitution Old Ironsides A Most fortunate ship by Tyrone G. Martin Essay Essay Example

The USS Constitution: Old Ironsides: A Most fortunate ship by Tyrone G. Martin Essay Paper â€Å"A Most Fortunate Ship† . published in 1980. is frequently called the unequivocal history of the history of the USS Constitution. These memoirs of â€Å"Old Ironsides† . compiled by one of her head commanding officers. T. G. Martin. paint a graphic image of life in the US Navy during the 19Thursdaycentury. and of the naval endeavors and feats during the war of 1812. Martin was himself the 49Thursdaycommanding officer of the shipo between 1974 and 1978. Martin describes the history of theUSS Constitution. which was constructed and launched in 1797 at the Edmond Hartt Shipyard in Boston. He inside informations the building of the ship. which received the moniker. â€Å"Old Ironsides† . Cannonballs could non perforate the oak sides. gaining the ship its name. With a supplanting of 2000 dozenss. the ship carried a crew of more than 450. and his history of the ship’s enterprises introduces many of the inside informations of what their day-to-day lives must hold been. We will write a custom essay sample on The USS Constitution: Old Ironsides: A Most fortunate ship by Tyrone G. Martin Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The USS Constitution: Old Ironsides: A Most fortunate ship by Tyrone G. Martin Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The USS Constitution: Old Ironsides: A Most fortunate ship by Tyrone G. Martin Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer For illustration. Martin describes the organisation of the crew ( p. ) . how the crew was fed ( p. ) and disciplined ( p. ) . plus other elements of their day-to-day modus operandis. Life was unreliable plenty in the 19Thursdaycentury. thanks to the bounds of medical and scientific cognition. and by and large hapless nutrition of the working categories. Aboard a ship. which could be out at see for several months at a clip. diet. sanitation. and general wellness were all major concerns and required considerable attending. peculiarly for the intents of keeping subject and order aboard a naval vas such as the Constitution. which was an of import arm during the War of 1812. Possibly one of the most absorbing inside informations of Martin’s histories. nevertheless. is grounds of the adversities experienced by the ship itself. which. after all. saw major combat several times. To gain the name. â€Å"Old Ironsides† . the ship surely was subjected to several onslaughts from enemy cannons. Sing the full vas was constructed from wood. it is slightly dumbfounding – possibly at least to the modern reader – that no serious harm was done on impact. During the 19Thursdaycentury. wooden boards called wales were used to make ships. The wales were fastened to other lumbers called frames. Caulking was the technique used to make full spreads between the chaffs that created the possibility of allowing H2O into the ship. Martin discusses the history of the USS Constitution by depicting its building along these lines. In fact. he explains that it was necessary for the sides and the deck of the Constitution to be caulked before the ship went to sea. Ships in the 19Thursdaycentury were neer wholly rainproof and the procedure of calking had to be repeated on a regular basis to forestall new leaks. Caulk of the Constitution was started on July 7Thursday. his neer produces a wholly rainproof ship. but it does do the entry of H2O manageable. BeforeFundamental lawcould travel to sea it was necessary to calk non merely her sides but her decks as good. These and other inside informations Martin provides approximately early American naval history are both entertaining and enlightening. His cognition of the ship and his enthusiasm for his work on board vibrate throughout his narrative voice. For illustration. we learn that the Constitution was one of the first frigates of all time built by the US Navy. Six such ships were built originally in the Edmond Hartt shipyard and they were designed to transport an amazing 44 guns. In his narrative. Martin describes the ship’s assorted runs on behalf of the US Navy. The first of these was the undeclared war with France. The Fundamental law was involved in this struggle between 1798 and 1800. She was so the flagship for a Mediterranean squadron during the Tripolitan War. from 1801 to 05. Most celebrated of all. the Fundamental law was so involved in the War of 1812. During this struggle. the ship became peculiarly celebrated as it was a cardinal factor in the triumphs at several conflicts. The Constitution won. for illustration. elaborated conflicts with two British frigates. the Guerriere and the Java. The Constitution fought the Guerriere at a topographic point about 750 stat mis east of Boston on August 19Thursday. 1812. She fought against the Java someplace off the seashore of Brazil on December 29Thursday. 1812. The Constitution made its last combat circuit in 1814-15. The vas had spent long periods of clip in port even while it was in service for the naval forces. Often. there were fixs that had to be done but sometimes there were encirclements that affected the ship’s ability to acquire to see. Regardless. the Fundamental law captured eight more ships under the bid of one of her most celebrated captains. Charles Stwart. When she returned to port after the terminal of the war of 1812. it was back to the fix pace for about six old ages. After functioning with the Mediterranean squadron several old ages subsequently. the Fundamental law returned to port in Boston in 1828. After the Meditterranean run and a return to Boston. Martin introduces us to what must be the most compelling ground for naming the ship. â€Å"most fortunate† . Having survived many arduous confrontations and tete-a-tete conflicts at see. the Fundamental law was found to be unfit for service in 1830 and seruptitiously recommended for the bit pile. What prevented this from go oning: public call. The Constitution was recongized. even every bit early as the 1830s. as one of the greatest war vessels in US Navel history. It was besides in 1830 that Oliver Wendell Holmes published a verse form in congratulations of the ship. â€Å"Old Ironsides† . everlastingly set uping the angelic vas in the American consciousness. The United States Congress agreed to the necessary Reconstructions of the vas and passed the appropriate statute law. Before long. the ship was back in committee and off to tur the universe once more. Martin describes the ship’s 2nd tally as a flagship in the Mediterraean during 1835. subsequent to functioning the same map in the South Pacific. passed an appropriation for Reconstruction and in 1835. Triumphant. Martin goes on to depict the ship’s following great escapade: a 30-month ocean trip around the universe beginning in March 1844. Martin’s geographic expedition of the ship’s history during the American Civil War and during the 1850s. policing the African seashore for slaves. provides a deep-probing expression at the political and societal worlds of the period. The Constitution played an improtant function in both operation of the slave trade and the American Civil War. During the war. the Fundamental law was used as a preparation shipo for midshipmen. and since encirclements would turn out rather important to the succes of the North. the function of the Constitution should be given acknowledgment. Equally early as 1838. nevertheless. wooden ships were on the threshold of going disused as navy vass. At that clip. steam ships had begun to do regular transatlantic crossings. Martin besides describes how at lesat one of the cardinal naval conflicts of the civil war. the Battle of Hampton Roads. showed the fatal failings of wooden-hulled war vessels agains ships constructed from or dress in Fe. After several more decennaries of service – neer on the front lines but ever in a important function behind them – the ship was saved one time more from the bit pile by public demand for its saving. It survived the 20Thursdaycentury as a memorial standing as testament to the naval might of the United States. and eventually. under the bid of Martin himself. the ship became a genuinely famed attractive force in Boston’s seaport. Overall. Tyrone Martin writes a greatest history of this august war vessel. USS Constitution. There can be no uncertainty that he provides a reasonably complete history of the vessel’s service and the linguistic communication manner. although functioning as an historical history. is easy colloquial and filled with anecdotes that make the inside informations – and there are many – accessible to all readers. The narrative screens virtually every facet of the ship. fro its design and building. through to its more recent enterprises. even some that took topographic point after Martin’s committee as commanding officer had expired. Possibly the most gratifying elements of the book are those most human elements. Indeed. Martin goes to great lengths to show insightful portrayals of some of the major personalities whose lives crossed with the USS Constitution throughout her long history. Among the most celebrated figures: Talbot. Hull. Bainbridge. Elliot. Noteworthy excessively is the manner in which Martin truly captures a sense in his righting of the delicate nature of big sailing vass contrasted to their huge lastingness. The Constitution. after all. suffered considerable damaged and needed really extended fixs throughout its calling. That said. the ship survived legion storms. foundations. enemy fire. and even a hurricane. Although the ship’s log is the principle beginning of information for the first subdivision of the book. the ship’s really earliest history. Martin rapidly moves on to set up is ain voice as storyteller and therefore engages his audience with accomplishment. His intimate cognition of the ship and its history is overall presented in an entertaining and piquant signifier. on that transcends the authoritative historical history by doing the pertinent history accessible to merely about anyone. This book is good deserving reading. regardless of whether you are a sailing partisan or a general reader. Mentions. Martin. T. G. ( 1997 ) . A Most Fortunate Ship. A Narrative History of â€Å"Old Ironsides† . Capital of maryland: Naval Institute Press.

The role of occupational therapists in mental health care.

The role of occupational therapists in mental health care. "The role of occupational therapists in mental health care"One of the main reasons why it has become necessary to look in more detail at the role of occupational therapists in mental health care is the changing role of health care professionals in general which has taken place in the past decades and which has led to a re-structuring of the health care industry as a whole. As Thorner (1991) and Lloyd et al (1998) have pointed out, there have been significant changes in the way that health care is structured, in terms of the welfare versus the consumer model, and as a result there is an increasing emphasis on community-based care initiatives and the autonomy of the health care recipient. Consequently, professionals in various fields of mental health care are re-evaluating their roles, both in terms of their own professional competence in relation to others in the same field and with reference to their interaction with their patients.House Republican Press Conference on Health Care R.. .Greaves et al (2002) make the point that the move towards community initiatives has tended to erode the earlier bureaucratic model of institutionalized health care, which in turn has meant that community based workers have a higher profile in the field as a whole, and are having to develop a greater degree of autonomy. The competence of mental health workers, and the way in which they perceive themselves, has therefore come under greater scrutiny. Greaves's study suggests that occupational therapists are for the most part coping well with the changes in approaches to service delivery, and have a higher efficacy rating than other, comparable groups in the health care industry. She also notes that occupational therapists show a high level of adaptability, in the sense that they are capable of learning new skills in the course of their practice, and from...

Race and The Death Penalty Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Race and The Death Penalty - Research Paper Example Now, in United States of America death penalty of color is a predominant phenomenon. In this country, the blacks in the death row are very high in number. the In the recent years the Supreme court of the United States also rejected the application of statistical studies that claim bias of race as the prime reason for the purpose of overturning the death sentence (The death penalty is applied unfairly and should not be used: Disagree). 1.2. Relevant statistics Color of defendant and the skin color of the defendant are crucial factors in the death penalty of the Americans. Since the year 1976, the people with variations in skin color accounts for around 43% of the total executions. Still 55 % of the executions are waiting. The jurisdictions in which there are highest percentages of death penalty are US military which is â€Å"86%, Colorado which is 80%, US government which is 77%, Louisiana which is 72% and in Pennsylvania which is 70%† (Race and the Death Penalty). It has been found that white victims have accounted for around one half of all the victims of murder where around 80% of all the capital cases included people of white skin. In October, 2002 â€Å"around 12 people have been executed where the defendant was white and the victim of murder was black† (Race and the Death Penalty, 2003). Around 178 defendants convicted for murder were black along with white victims. In the month of January 2003, researchers in the university of Maryland governor revealed that the defendants who killed white persons were prone to death sentences. In August 2001, the supreme court of New Jersey released that they were more likely for proceeding against the defendants killing the white victims. In the month of April 2001, a group of researchers from the University of North Carolina published a study of all the homicide cases in North Carolina in the time frame of 1993 to 1997 (Race and the Death Penalty). From the figures of US department of Justice the figures reveal that from the period of 2001 to 2006 around 48 percent of defendants in the cases where death penalty were sought were of the African American origin (Does a person's race affect the likelihood of him/her receiving the death penalty?). 2. Reasons for disproportionate death penalty 2.1 Domination of white in the criminal justice system The criminal justice system of America and its internal mechanics is vehemently controlled as well as dominated by the white people. The death penalty can be symbolized as a control of the white over the blacks. The black males who flaunt a threatening and defiant persona are viewed as subjects of death sentences provided by the middle aged white male prosecutors (Does a person's race affect the likelihood of him/her receiving the death penalty?). But we will highlight our focus to a different trajectory which will yield a bit surprising results. 2.2 Blacks commit more crime American civil rights activists and Baptist minister Sir Jesse Jackson states that in Alabama (a state of United States of America), the African Americans form 25% of the total population of America and of Alabama’s 117 death row inmates, around 43% of them are of black origin. Although it highlights that the African American are more prone towards death row but one of the reasons is also that the

The United Nations And Human Right Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The United Nations And Human Right - Essay Example Upholding those rights are considered as having peace, justice, and freedom in the world. The laws and fundamental principles for upholding these rights are in place and so does the overall mechanism and infrastructure to actually enforce these rights. Over the period of time, UN has been able to reduce the number of human rights violations across the whole world and that it has been able to put in place different resources which helped it to achieve this objective. However, UN also failed to properly enforce human rights across the whole world as millions of people are still being put through brutalities and gross human rights violations. Not only governments are committing crimes against the basic human rights but smaller and individual groups are also involved too in such incidents. This paper will debate whether United Nations has been able to ensure human rights for all or not by presenting arguments in favor and against the same. Human Rights and United Nations As discussed abo ve, human rights are universal in nature and are available to everyone equally. These are the rights which we enjoy as humans and violations of the same can attract penalties and other punishments for those who violate the human rights. The overall movement for the protection of human rights started to become significant after the World War-II. The overall mandate given to UN is given by the countries who acquire the membership of the UN. Membership of UN is considered as the admission of any individual country towards the international community. UN, therefore, has been implementing and enforcing human rights either through charter based or treaty-based implementations. Both these mechanisms not only provide UN a proper mechanism but structure also to implement and influence countries to implement human rights. The overall atrocities and violations of human rights become common after World War II and as a result of this, United Nations General Assembly met in Paris with the objecti ve of adapting Universal Declaration of Human Rights. In 1948, a universal declaration of human rights was adopted by General Assembly of United Nations and as such overshadowed all other human rights declaration which was prevailing in ancient times. Article 1 of the universal declaration suggests that all human beings are born equal and with the same level of dignity. The United Nation Article 1 on human rights states that all human beings are equal and born free in dignity and rights (Smith, 2009, p. 54). The laws were made to ensure that every person has a right to life and this right should be legally protected.

Historical Documentary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Historical Documentary - Essay Example But one form of documentary was on an upwards curve even into the new millennium - the history documentary" Documentary films are non-fiction films which portray the events which have already happened and which are happening at the moment. This developed in time to be the historical documentaries which have entered a golden age in the literal sense of the word. This boom is attributed to many factors like the political changes, the crucial event in a country, the anxious arrival of the millennium, the unpredicted development of technology, and the accessibility of information. It is also due to freedom of information, favourable political and economical factors, the establishments of film archives, the regular transformation of the filmgoers and producers, prevailing nostalgia of what we left behind and the demand for more real historical events. Over and above these causes, the other noteworthy change was the co productions of history documentaries and political and economical conditions which added to the flourishing of these types of documentaries. "The documentary--whether it is a written account, a photograph, or a film--has long served as one of the primary sources for historians writing about the past as well as one of the key forms, historians use to communicate their stories about the past." (Professor Jill Watts -History 300B, spring 2007) Documentary film was actually born of the written and photographic tradition Initially, documentary films were just current events which had certain significance for the people living at that particular period of time. This created a genre of films which have a say not for the universal time but for only a period. This type of documentary would have had its heyday only when certain pulverizing events such as wars and political controversies took place. When the heat of the debate wears off, there is no more interest on the specific documentary anymore. History Documentary films have reflected attitudes and internal changes in British society for a century. British documentary as a notable movie genre surfaced around 1906. From then on documentary films began establishing a theme. The theme usually focused on the way of life of British working class and rarely touched on other types as well. An apt example of this is 'The Drifters' by Grierson The growth of Documentaries It is essential to note that the government and national agencies funded the production and distribution of such documentaries in the 1920s and 1930s. Popular agencies which got involved in this type of film making are the Ministries of Transport, Trade, Information, the General Post Office and Empire Marketing Board. The British documentary directors were all socialists and their documentaries such as Workers for Jobs by Arthur Elton in 1934, and then by Edgar Anstey in 1935 to devastating effect in Housing Problems for the Gas Light and Coal Company were technically advanced, using the latest film equipment in novel and exciting ways. They used synchronized sound-recording on location. Another important factor to note is that the 16mm film became standardized by Eastman and Bell & Howell in 1923 and the films were exhibited at cinemas as a

Penfolds Wine Porters Five and SWOT Analysis

Penfolds Wine Porters Five and SWOT Analysis Penfolds is one of the oldest Australian wine brands, founded in the mid-19th century by the English immigrant and medical doctor Rawson Penfold. Starting with wine growing for medical purposes and the production of fortified wines and brandies, the business has developed very quickly and by 1920, the company already had a 50 per cent market share in Australia. After World War II the company has changed its direction and started producing red table wines with the commencement of white production in 1990. In the same year, the company has been acquired by Southcorp, which made the company the biggest Australian owned wine producer as well as the fifth largest producer in the world. In 2005, Fosters acquired Southcorp. (Calkins, 2005). The analysis of the case study should address the issues that Penfolds is faces and provide recommendations for a marketing strategy to overcome these issues. 1.2 Economic background South Australia has the fifth largest population as well as the fifth largest economy in Australia. As for the wine segment of the economy, the wine cluster, South Australia is the largest producer and exporter of wines in Australia (Nipe et al., 2010). From the 1990s, the wine sector has been growing steadily due to the strong exports. Nevertheless, the rising number of competitors in the low-cost wine segment and the worldwide recession in the recent years challenges the industry. Simultaneously, dominant supermarket giants have gained enormous market power reducing the power of the industry. Furthermore, the changing preferences of consumers and a huge oversupply of wine grapes is a major problem for the wine industry. The oversupply in wine grapes has reduced prices, lowered the profit margins and even got many wine producers to leave the market (Dobie, 2012). The exports have dropped for e.g. in 2010-2011 to 747 million liters compared to 788 million liters in the year 2009 2010 (Figure 1). On the other hand, the demand for wine in the domestic Australian market has been growing steadily since over 20 years and domestic producers mainly supply the market. The imports of wine have risen by 4.2 %, to 67 million liters in 2010-2011 (Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2012). However, to be prepared for the future, the Australian wine sector has to undergo some changes, to stay competitive on the domestic market and to start growth on the export market again. Therefore, the sector has to deal more effectively with the oversupply of grapes and the quality of low cost wines in the key export markets, which has affected the reputation of Australian wines in a negative way (Dobie, 2012). 2. Analysis of the Case study 2.1 Porter five forces analysis The Porter five forces analysis was introduced by Michael E. Porter, which helps to identify and to analyse the competitiveness, profitability and the attractiveness of an Industry (Investopedia, 2012). Therefore, this model should be used for the Penfolds case study to assess the wine industry in Australia and to able to place give adequate recommendations on Penfolds future marketing strategy. Threat of Entry: The threat of entry for new wine producers in Australia is quite high, especially from large global liquor companies (Pugh Fletcher, 2002). Nevertheless, there are some barriers for new entrants in place, as for example the price of land and the high capital investments that are needed for the equipment. Another barrier is the time component, as newly planted wines need several years to grow mature and to be able to be brought to the market on a profit-making basis. This barrier makes the return on investment quite slow and it is only possible by big companies, who can afford waiting on their return (Adamo, 1997). Government regulations on alcohol, like licencing and taxes, existing distribution channels and already existing brands with high loyalty users, are also barriers for new entrants to the wine market in Australia. However, the high profit margins, low entrance costs due to a large number of substitutes will still attract some new producers, although only on a small scale (B lees at al., 2003) Industry Rivalry: The Australian wine industry is subject to high competition with a high number of competitors, which implies that also the price competition is very high. In Australia, there is also a high consolidation of the large brands, which are mainly bought by large global liquor companies, which helps these producers to use their power to undermine the small manufacturers (Pugh Fletcher, 2002) Threat of Substitutes: The threat of substitutes in the wine industry is very high as there is a high amount of other alcoholic beverages on the market. Nevertheless, wine is still the fastest growing segment in the alcohol market. Compared to the rest of the world, Australia has an advantage in the ability to produce innovative high quality wines and to attract new consumers on the export market, as wine can be consumed regardless its aging (Wood and Anderson, 2002). The biggest problem in the area of substitutes is the absence of brand loyalty in the wine industry as most of the beer producers can count on. Therefore, the high amount of other alcoholic products which are more often cheaper in price and an assumed rise of health concerns by the consumers create a high threat of substitutes for the wine industry. Bargaining power of buyers: The wine industrys buyers are categorized into two groups: the distributors and the retailers. Supermarkets, restaurants and clubs most likely represent the buyers of wine. Although this buyer group is able to change their offered brands quite easily, the change is offset by the acquisition of a large product palette from the seller of the company as it ensures lower prices and because the buyers have to be prepared on the various consumer preferences (Adamo, 1997). Nevertheless, the bargaining power of the buyers is relatively high, because the whole market is well crowded, and the securitization of the distribution is even more problematic for the producers when major liquor chains and large supermarkets dominate the major distribution channels in overseas markets (Pugh Fletcher, 2002). Bargaining power of suppliers: The suppliers in the wine industry are the wine growers with their vineyards. Their bargaining power is very low as the global market has been flooded with grapes from different regions of the world and mostly with cheaper grapes than they can be produced in Australia (Davis, 2005). Consequently, there is a very high competition on the grapes market and the oversupply of grapes has given the Australian wineries the opportunity to produce cheaper wine with high quality. (Wood and Anderson, 2002) Because of the absence of differentiation on the raw materials, wine producers have decreased the bargaining power of suppliers significantly. 2.2 SWOT analysis The following SWOT analysis reveals the strengths and weaknesses and well as the external factors for opportunities and threats for Penfolds, which has a major problem as stated in the Case study in the shrinking of the profit and the poor financial return over the last years. Strengths: Penfolds strength is its long lasted reputation for the high standard quality red wine, with a high range of vintage red wines that are very popular among its consumers and which gives the company an overall good reputation for its wine making (Veseth. 2007). The ultra-premium wines are a result of a long lasting tradition of allowing their winemakers to experiment and to research new vines and new wine styles. Moreover, the success in the premium segment is the outcome of a unique style of multi-regional vineyard blending, which means that the development of Penfolds wines is the blending of different wines from different vineyards across South Australia (Caillard, 2007). The company invented a so-called star-system to classify the vineyards and the grape quality of the vineyards, which helps to identify the best blend for a certain category of wine. This system also ensured to solve the principal agent problem, by handing out bonuses to wine growers in line with the quality of thei r grapes (star system) (Wood Andersen. 2002). This unique blending, gives the winemakers more opportunities to broaden the companys portfolio and to differentiate the wines into different categories of wine quality and price. This ensures a high standard of quality and provides the company with an overall market advantage (Caillard, 2007). Weaknesses: The weakness of the Penfolds Company is the affordable and cheap wine section. Especially the cheap wine segment has a poor quality in taste (Calkins, 2005). This triggers the reputation of the whole company into a negative direction and damages the reputation especially in the overseas market, which affects the exports of the company. Moreover, the high competition in the cheap wine segment is reducing the profit margin of the company. The premium red wine section has also weakened in recent years, as it has not the same cachet as it used to have among the premium wine producers (Caillard, 2007) Opportunities: As Penfolds wine portfolio is much focused on the red wines, the opportunities that the company has for the future is to broaden their white wine and sparkling wine portfolio. This would ensure a broader consumer base. This portfolio enlargement would also mean to improve the wine making techniques for the white and sparkling wine. However, not only the white and sparkling wine section needs improvement, but also the winemaking techniques for red wine should be improved to ensure the high quality standard in the premium segment of the wine industry (Wood Andersen, 2002). The biggest opportunity that the company faces at the moment is the market expansion into China. Especially the premium and ultra-premium wine market is well demanded in China and Penfolds already makes the lion share in this market segment (Shaw, 2012). Therefore, the opportunity lies in the expansion of this market and also to build up reputation in one of the biggest economies in the world. The built-up reputatio n could help in the future to export not only the premium wines but also the cheap and affordable wines into China. Threats: The probably biggest threat to Penfolds is the very high competitiveness in the South Australian wine regions, especially in Riverland where low quality wine is produced. Recession makes the ultra-premium wines less affordable and the high Australian dollar makes exports less competitive (Barrett, 2011). Another threat is the current structural oversupply of wine in Australia and therefore low prices, which makes the brand less attractive with its high price level (due to brand name) (Dobie, 2012). The changing consumer preferences can also be a threat to the company especially if it does not react with a broadening of their portfolio, especially in the cheap wine segment. 3. Issues and Problems of Penfolds in the market Derived from the Porters five forces and SWOT analysis it can be said that Penfolds major problems and issues in the Australian and the global market is its segmentation of wine, the world economy and the consumer preferences change. As seen in the SWOT analysis one weakness of the company is the poor quality and the easy substitution of bulk wine, which is due to the fact that the wine demand is relatively elastic. Especially in times of economic instability and a worldwide recession with falling incomes, people tend to switch their preferences towards cheaper products and substitutes for the more expensive premium wines. Penfolds portfolio is now targeted more towards the high-income consumers who can afford a bottle of red wine for $30 or more. The great focus on the US and UK export markets are affected mainly by the worldwide recession and therefore by the change of the consumer preferences in these export markets. In addition, there seems to be a problem with their selection an d grading star system, which leads to bad opinions about the quality of the wine. As mentioned in the SWOT analysis the cachet of some red wine series seem to have lost the cachet of the older wine series. There is no other conclusion to this problem than that the company lacks in their selection process for their wine blends. 4 Alternative Evaluation and Recommendations Concluding the issues and problems of the company, there can be made some recommendations towards a future marketing strategy of the company. First, the company has to broaden their wine portfolio significantly. This recommendation is probably the least problematic as the company already is in the market and just needs to focus in another direction. Another recommendation for Penfolds would be a high promotion of their premium wines in life style magazines or magazines in the business class of airlines. Further, they should focus on a one on one marketing strategy with their current clients. All this would ensure that the company would gain more customers, especially those that are willing to pay more for a bottle of wine. For the premium and ultra-premium wines, the company should try to reduce the supply to the market, so that their product will not become a usual commodity. The prices for the premium wines should also be kept high to ensure the high premium range of the brand. Als o DR should be highly supported from the organization to secure a constant grow of new innovations and technologies. Higher advanced innovations and techniques can help Penfolds in the future to achieve higher margins and better reactions to changing weather conditions without the scarifying the quality of the wine/grapes. In my opinion this strategy of a promotion and DR mix is the most valuable, as it attracts new customers and enhances the wine quality without spending too much of their resources. The problem of Penfolds with the affordable and bulk wine market is that it is not the focus of the company. In order to gain market shares in this segment the company should try to acquire a rival that has a good reputation among the cheap wine segment. In this way, Penfolds would gain more knowledge about this segment and would also have one competitor less. Further, Penfolds would not need to print their brand name (which stands for premium wines) on a bottle of cheap table wine (Halliday, 2012). However, the profit would be Penfolds. By acquiring another rival the company would be also able to be more focused on only one segment of the market and therefore ensure better quality of the high premium wines. This option of a strategy will be the most expensive and probably the least likely, as it needs too much resources in times of a recession and financial problems of the company. Therefore, in my opinion the best strategy to enhance profits and to resolve the issues that Penfolds has is to have a mix of different promotions coupled with a DR enhancement strategy and the exclusion of their bulk wine segment under the brand name of Penfolds.

Light and Darkness in The Scarlet Letter :: Scarlet Letter essays

Light and Darkness in The Scarlet Letter         Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter is one of the most analyzed and most discussed literary works in American literature and for good reason.   Hawthorne's ambiguity and his intense use of symbols have made this work incredibly complex and incredibly bothersome.   In The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne uses many symbols to give insight into characters and promote his views on society.   The scaffold scenes in The Scarlet Letter tell the reader exactly what is to come, and the presence of light in those scenes gives the reader insight into the characters.         Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The scaffold scenes establish a pattern of what is to come in the novel through a common tie prevalent in the three different scaffold scenes.   The tie is that of creation and release.   In the first scaffold scene, Hester releases not only her guilt about her crime, but, she also releases Pearl to the society and creates in Pearl the need for strength and determination that she will need to overcome the legacy of her creation. In this scene she also creates the need in Dimmesdale to absolve himself of his guilt.   The second scaffold scene is the opportunity for Dimmesdale to attempt to release his guilt from the first scaffold.   However, Pearl creates a need in Dimmesdale to repent in front of the town.   During the third scaffold scene, Dimmesdale is able to release his guilt about his crime and his lack of strength. He is also able to complete his obligation to accept the hands of Pearl and Hester on the platform from the second scaffold scene.   Through his confession, he creates a sense of reality for the entire town.   It can be clearly seen that what is created in the first scaffold is released in the second scaffold; while, the things created in the second scaffold are finally released in the third and final scaffold.         Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There is another complexity to the scaffold scenes in the presence, or lack there of, of lighting.   The first scaffold scene is in the sunlight.   The sunlight in this novel is a symbol of disguise.   In the sunlight of the first scaffold, Hester is shown as strong and determined.   She gives the appearance that the letter does not bother her.

Macbeth-Struggle for Power

It is indeed evident that the play, Macbeth is ultimately about the struggle for power. Power is something many desire where people often change and become evil in their attempts to acquire it and during this play the characters go through many changes which lead to disaster. The two main characters mostly influenced by power in this Shakespearean play are Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. Macbeth is swayed by the prophecy made by the witches and also by Lady Macbeth who holds great control over her husband. Through the analysis of characters and techniques it can be seen that the desire of gaining power is evident in the play, Macbeth and that the characters stop at nothing to achieve their goals. Although the protagonist gains power there is still a constant thirst for more, to better their position one step further, even if it comes at the expense of a life. Macbeth becomes fixated on rising to the throne in place of King Duncan however; just recently, he has been given the title of thane of Cawdor by the king. Although happy with the new title and new power, Macbeth still craves for the role held by the king. The importance of honor in society is a primary theme as it is what provokes Macbeth to kill for kingship and sends him on a dismal journey towards the throne. â€Å"If chance will have me king, why chance may crown me without my stir†. (ACT I scene 3, lines 143-145) This demonstrates the ideology that Macbeth is not satisfied with just being a thane but has now heard the prophecy and is seduced by the thought of gaining more power. He hastily makes the decision to Kill Duncan with the influence of Lady Macbeth. Lady Macbeth's struggle for power starts the moment she appears in the play where she finds the letter and launches into criticizing Macbeth's manhood. â€Å"It is too full of o' th' milk of human kindness†. This metaphoric language mirrors the domineering character of Lady Macbeth where she accuses him of being too gentle to kill King Duncan. She believes this so much that she calls on evil spirits to remove Macbeth’s kind nature. â€Å"Hie thee hither that I may pour my spirits in thine ear and chastise with the valor of my tongue all that impedes thee from the golden round, which fate and metaphysical aid doth seem to have thee crowned withal. (Act 1 Scene 5, lines 23-28) Denoting that she is willing to cast out all that is righteous and dignified about her husband in efforts to gain power. She doesn't hesitate to execute the plan of murdering King Duncan because she believes the prophecy is true and that destiny is on her side. In search of power, the characters change and descend into a compulsive state which leads to disaster. As Macbeth falls deeper into this obsession with the throne he becomes a more dishonest and cunning character. â€Å"Who’s there? A friend†. ACT II scene 1, lines 11-12). This use of irony depicts the deceitful nature of Macbeth as he descends into madness. Banquo is a very loyal general to the King and he will not be tempted by Macbeth into betraying him. Macbeth is certainly no friend to Banquo, his murderous quest to kill Duncan contradicts Banquo’s morals and judgment. â€Å"Upon this bank and shoal of time we’d jump the life to come† (ACT I scene 7, lines 6-7). This metaphor exemplifies the idea that this shallow or narrow ford of human life in this great river of eternity. Shakespeare has creatively used symbolism through metaphoric language to demonstrate how a narrow river being cut off and dried up is Macbeth killing Duncan. He will be overthrowing the natural order of the heir to the throne and setting his place in eternity. Evidently he must kill King Duncan in this short period of time while he is still vulnerable in his castle. The effect of ambition on Macbeth drives him into his contemptible acts in order to assume the throne. He falls into a deep obsession which consumes his rational thought and he becomes very evil and conniving. Is this the dagger which I see before me, the handle towards my hand? † (ACT II scene 1, line 33-34) This foreshadowing illustrates the subconscious thoughts of Macbeth and how they materialize in front of him. He starts to visualize this dagger, predicting the malicious tasks ahead which add the disturbing atmosphere. Macbeth chooses to abuse his power over others and he becomes a hated king. This is caused not only by his cruelty but also the many superstitions by people who think he killed Duncan which greatly depleted his power. Lady Macbeth is quick to become evil in her ways as she is the mastermind behind the killing of Duncan. He that’s coming must be provided for, and you shall put this night’s great business into my dispatch† (ACT I scene 6, lines 64-66). These heartless puns convey Lady Macbeth’s merciless intentions for the night’s gathering. Being provided for often takes on the meaning of being fed but in this case Lady Macbeth is referring to the death of King Duncan. Putting the night’s business into her dispatch appears to be something along the lines of carrying out the welcome of the guests and of course she is indicating that Macbeth must follow her instruction in order to kill King Duncan. Ultimately it is evident that Macbeth is about the struggle for power where once you have gained a certain power you still yearn more, establishing a constant desire. When the characters are in search of power they become obsessive and this causes them to change and become evil. Therefore it can be seen that the importance and desire for power greatly contributes to the outcome of the play and the fate of the characters.

Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Depresion- True or false Essay Example

Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Depresion Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Depresion- True or false Essay Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Depresion- True or false Essay Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Depression- True or false? True This paper will explore whether Samuel Taylor Coleridge had suffered from depression or not. In order to explore the issue I will first explain what Depression is and its symptoms. Later on I will analyze four of the symptoms with reflection to two of Coleridges poems in order to see if I can find any hints to depression in them. Depression significantly affects a persons family and personal relationships, work or school life, sleeping and eating habits, and general health. Its impact on functioning and well-being has been compared to that of chronic medical conditions such as iabetes. A person having a major depressive episode usually exhibits a very low mood, which pervades all aspects of life, and an inability to experience pleasure in activities that were formerly enjoyed. Depressed people may be preoccupied with, or ruminate over, thoughts and feelings of worthlessness, inappropriate guilt or regret, helplessness, hopelessness, and self-hatred. Other symptoms of depression include poor concentration and memory, withdrawal from social situations and activities, reduced sex drive, and thoughts of death or suicide. Insomnia is common among the depressed. Hypersomnia, or oversleeping, can also happen. A depressed person may report multiple physical symptoms such as fatigue, headaches, or digestive problems; physical complaints are the most common presenting problem in developing countries, according to the World Health Organizations criteria for depression. Appetite often decreases, with resulting weight loss, although increased appetite and weight gain occasionally occur. Family and friends may notice that the persons behavior is either agitated or lethargic. Older depressed people may have cognitive symptoms of recent onset, such as forgetfulness, and a more noticeable slowing of movements. Depression often coexists with physical disorders common among the elderly, such as stroke, other cardiovascular diseases, Parkinsons disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Depressed children may often display an irritable mood rather than a depressed mood, and show varying symptoms depending on age and situation. Most lose interest in school and show a decline in academic performance. They may be described as clingy, demanding, dependent, or insecure. Diagnosis may be delayed or missed when symptoms are interpreted as normal moodiness. Depression may also coexist with attention-deficit hyperactivity isorder (ADHD), complicating the diagnosis and treatment of both. http:// en. wikipedia. rg/wiki/MaJor_depressive_disorder Now I will go over four symptoms of depression and will try to find evidences for them in Coleridge through two of his poems that we have read in class- This Lime -Tree Bower My Prison and Frost at Midnight. get from both poems is melancholy which can indicate low mood. Personal relationships- The poem This Lime -Tree Bower My Prison is all about his friend and his inability to Join them in a walk in nature. In the poem Coleridge relate s to his riends in general and to Charles in specific My gentle- hearted Charles! (1. 28), a line that shows us that Coleridge is capable of personal relationships. Regarding the poem Frost at Midnight, we know that the last stanza in the poem is a blessing to his infant boy so that could indicate that he is also capable of personal relationships with his family members, based on his reference to his child. Insomnia- based on the poems name Frost at Midnight and the line- Only that film, which fluttered on the grate, still flutters there, the sole unquiet thing (l. 15-16) we can understand that Coleridge is the only one awake at a late hour which could indicate that he had troubles sleeping. Thoughts and feelings of worthlessness, inappropriate guilt or regret, helplessness, hopelessness, and self-hatred- in the poem This Lime -Tree Bower My Prison the overall feeling we get is of worthlessness and helplessness by the fact that all his friends are out in nature and he had to stay in. The line that best describes that for me is the opening one- Well, they are gone, and here I most remain, This lime- tree bower my prison! (l. 1-2). As for the poem Frost at Midnight I get a feeling of oneliness from the description of the night and his school days. The lines How oft, at school, with most believing mind, Presageful have I gazed upon the bars, To watch that fluttering stranger! (l. 24-26) conveys, for me, his massage of being a child all alone. After analyzing the four symptoms, I think it is safe to say that Coleridge had suffered from depression in some degree. I think that his depression (or maybe melancholy) is what gave him the ability to see the world the way he did and also to express himself so well and to become the great writer that he is.

Captain Swing essays

Captain Swing essays Captain Swing is an enjoyable collaboration between E. J. Hobsbawm and George Rude that depicts the social history of the English agricultural wage-laborers uprising of 1830. According to Hobsbawm and Rude, historiography of the laborers rising of 1830 is negligible. Most of what is known by the general public comes from J. L. And Barbara Hammonds The Village Laborer published in 1911. They consider this an exceedingly valuable work, but state that the Hammonds oversimplified events in order to dramatize them. They placed too much emphasis on enclosure, oversimplified both the nature and prevalence of the Speenhamland System of poor relief, and neglected the range and scope of the uprising. Hobsbawm and Rude do not claim to present any new data, and believe that the Hammonds will still be read for enjoyment, but believe that by asking different questions, they can shed new light on the social history of the movement. Therefore, this book tries to describe and analyze the most i mpressive episode in the English farm-labourers long and doomed struggle against poverty and degradation. In the nineteenth century, England had no peasantry to speak of in the sense that other nations did. Where families who owned or occupied their own small plot of land and cultivated it themselves, apart from work on their lords farms, farmed most of Europe, Englands peasants were agricultural wage-laborers. As such, both tithes and taxes hit them hard. Lords and farmers were also against tithes and taxes and tolerated or even welcomed some outcry against them. Most county leaders in 1830 agreed with the laborers, but the government in London did not. Further, enclosure eliminated the common lands whose use had helped the very poor to live. As a result, the relationship between farmers and laborers changed to a purely market relationship between employer and proleta...

'Overseas discoveries could be used to suggest fundamental questions Essay

'Overseas discoveries could be used to suggest fundamental questions about the values and standards of a civilisation' (H. E - Essay Example It will be argued that both writers represent a challenge to the burgeoning rise of cultural imperialism that was a force in their historical era. The historical context or background of Shakespeare's age and Montaignes, is important. Shakespeare and Montaigne both lived in an age when exploration and colonial expansion was in its early phase. At the forefront of the European expansion into the 'new world', was the early sixteenth century exploration and colonization of the West Indies, South and Central America1. What is important to note, is that colonization or colonialism brought with it an imperial set of attitudes and beliefs. The people of the new world were largely viewed as uncivilized, and the state of nature that they were living in was viewed as inferior to the European invaders. It is these attitudes, for example, that facilitated the enslavement of people. Likewise, what soon followed with colonial expansion, were missionaries or the missionary movement of the Catholic Church in Europe. Both slavery and the sentiment of missionaries, are premised on assumptions that the inferiority of a people legitimated their exploitation. That is, the missionaries goal was to civilize the people and take them away from what was perceived as barbaric practices. It is interesting to note that it took centuries before Europe was able to let go of its basically 'patriarchal' views of people in the under developed world2. Expansion and colonization, was an important source of fascination for Europeans in the time of Montaigne and Shakespeare3. While Europe had a geographical and therefore, cultural connection with South and East Asia, the 'new world' or the the Americas held a great deal of interest. Montaignes sources for his writing, were some of the written accounts of explorers who had encountered cultures in South America, and one of the elements that is significant, is the connection with nature4. Montaigne writes of the people of the new world, in a way that can be described as paternalistic or patronizing, but also reverent in that he sees them as living in harmony with nature: â€Å"and they are, moreover, happy in this, that they only covet so much as their natural necessities require†5. In Montaigne, there is the sentiment expressed as what later became known as the theory of the â€Å"noble savage†6. That is, the perspective that civilization is essentially a corrupting force, and that people who live closer to a state of nature are more noble. Individuals who live in a state of nature, are living in a sustainable relationship with their environment. They consume only what they need, and are not reaching beyond the basic needs. In Montaignes world, there would very obviously been a contrast of lifestyles insofar as he would be immediately familiar with the folly of consumption. Likewise, the wealth and behavior's of Prospero and his noble visitors are presented as a stark contrast to the state of nature that the chara cter of Caliban lives in as we shall see from the Tempest. It might be argued that Shakespeare's Tempest represents a very early form of a critique of colonialism. Central to this perspective, is the figure of Caliban. The background to the story is that a nobleman from Italy or Milan, named Prospero and his daughter Miranda are exiled on a faraway island. The only inhabitant on the island who Prospero and Miranda have contact with is a figure named Caliban. The name Caliban is believed to be

POPULAR CULTURE AND HUMANITIES Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

POPULAR CULTURE AND HUMANITIES - Essay Example This is certainly probable because the artifact does not mirror the world around them (Naremore & Brantlinger, 1991). At first, John will be perplexed by the robot and may not decipher what it is. The capability of the robot to mimic human behaviors and activities, inclusive of speech, will be of utmost importance in shaping John’s reaction. In such case, the robot will be like a person, though not â€Å"a real person.† The novelty of the robot will make John think that the robot is a divine device, but â€Å"evil,† and a threat to his existence. As the fear subsides, interaction between John and the robot will increase, as it dawns to John that the robot is neither â€Å"godly† nor â€Å"evil† after all. The robot may be programmed to interact with John on matters that are familiar to John such as culture and language. To this end, the robot heralds an incremental cultural benefit to John, which stirs his consciousness. The robot can turn out to be a valuable tool in cross cultural exchange between â€Å"John’s world† and the mainstream culture. The robot will act as a bridge between John’s world and the modern

College application Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

College application - Essay Example Indeed there are many good schools competing with each other for a student’s education and training but an enrollee has to consider also that he himself has competitors in the business so that it becomes crucial to him to consider the school he must enroll in. The internet opens one’s knowledge of the different schools and poses a greater challenge for the choosing of a good school because every school claims to be the best. However, such a problem can be made easy to solve by defining a person’s abilities, capabilities, limitations and expectations. Personally, I have aimed to be in a school whose quality education is well known and has been tested through the years. Considering a well established school which has been in the business long enough to show its assets, strengthened by the testimonies of her graduates has been on the top of my list of criteria in looking for the school I will enroll in. Jain’s Choosing the Best Hotel Management School: The 10 Basics (thetalentjungle.com) helped me a lot in defining important criteria which one should verify when looking for the school that would best fit one’s expectations and has proved to have made considering options easier. Jain suggests students to verify information regarding official bodies that recognize the school, courses offered and levels in addition to what has been mentioned earlier about testimonies.

Run on Sentence Essay Example for Free

Run on Sentence Essay Correct each run-on with either (1) a period and a capital letter or (2) a comma (if needed) and the joining word and, but, for, or so. Do not use the same method of correction for every sentence. Some of the run-ons are fused sentences (there is no punctuation between the two complete thoughts), and some are comma splices (there is only a comma between the two complete thoughts). One sentence is correct. 1. Slovakia, a country in eastern Europe, was once ruled by the Austro-Hungarian Empire, it is now an independent country. 2. The children in the next car were making faces at other drivers, when I made a face back, they giggled and sank out of sight. 3. Chuck finished reading Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn then he began to take notes for his report. 4. The branches of the tree were bare they made a dark feathery pattern against the orange-pink sunset. 5. Ernest Hemingway drove an ambulance in World War I, he based the novel A Farewell to Arms on that experience. 6. Our class wanted to do something for the earthquake victims, we sent a donation to the Red Cross. 7. My ex-husband hit me just once in our marriage, five minutes later I was packed and walking out the door. 8. Charles Lindbergh took off from Roosevelt Field in New York on May 20, 1927 thirty-three-and-a-half hours later, he landed in Paris, France, completing the first nonstop transatlantic flight. 9. The average American teenager spends thirty-eight hours a week on schoolwork. the average Japanese teenager spends about sixty. 10. We stocked our backpacks with high-calorie candy bars, and we also brought bags of dried apricots and peaches. 11. Locate and correct the run-ons in the passage that follows. My worst experience of the week was going home for lunch, rather than eating at work. My children didn’t know I was coming, they had used most of the bread. All I had to make a sandwich with were two thin, crumpled pieces of crust. I sat there eating my tattered sandwich and trying to relax, then the telephone rang. It was for my daughter, who was in the bathroom, she was crying over her break-up. When I finally got her to calm down, my twin boys started fighting over their Legos. I was so upset I told them to calm down or I would take their toys away for a month. I’ve learned my lesson, I’ll be eating lunch at work from now on.

The Differences Between Taoism And Buddhism Philosophy Essay

The Differences Between Taoism And Buddhism Philosophy Essay Taoism is originated in China and many believe that it is started in the sixth century B.C. whereas Buddhism is said originated in the 500s B.C. in India. Both Taoism and Buddhism are great philosophical traditions and religions that have long histories and had strongly influenced and shaped the Chinese culture and values. These two religions have some similarities, they even considered as one kind in Malaysias culture. Both Taoism and Buddhism belief in reincarnation which means the life after death and both have similar ultimate goals. However, they are very different in their beliefs, practices and perspectives about individual life, society, values, culture, the environment and even the universe. Taoism and Buddhism have different objective principles, different views and beliefs about the life after death which is widely known as reincarnation, different ways and solutions to cooperate and solve the problems in life, and different perspectives and practices about marriage. The word Tao of Taoism in Chinese means the way or the path. In Taoism, its objective is to achieve Tao which means to attain the right path in life and by doing so; we will be able to become immortal. Besides that, Tao is sometimes also considered as the origin of everything which already existed and guiding the whole world and everything to work on their roles before the universe was being formed (Wow Essays, 2004). In Taoism, it is more focusing on personal or individual philosophy, because it is more focusing on how to achieve Tao, harmony and balancing of one-self and it do not motivate people to find ways and solutions to help and improve the community or society as in every individual should do it by herself or himself (EduBook, 2008). It is also said that everything in the world is simple, correct and good, life becomes complex is because human being choose to live a complex life (Wow Essays, 2004). On the other hand, in Buddhism beliefs live is suffering which is different by comparing with Taoism that believes that life is all about goodness, Buddhist believes that having illness or suffering is the nature of life which we cannot escape from (Difference Between, 2010). Birth, get old, get sick or ill, and death are the nature cycle of life. According to Buddhism, the only way to put suffering in life to an end is to understand the four noble truths of life and practice the noble eightfold path which are the right knowledge or understanding, right intention, right speech, right behavior or action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right concentration (Buddhist Temples). The first noble eightfold path is right knowledge that refers to the correct understanding of what is life about or the understanding about the four noble truths of life (Wow Essays, 2004). The second path is right intention means the right wills aspect which is to abstain from lusts, to gai n immunity of negative emotions such as hate and anger, and to be innocuous which is not to be violent or aggressive (Knierim T., 2010). The third path is right speech which brings the meaning of not to talk bad or harmful words and to be aware of what we are saying by choosing the right words and right tone. The forth path is right behavior or right actions which is to act in a correct way and the reasons of action or behavior, and this consists of the five main rules of Buddhism which are not to kill, pilfer, consume alcoholic drinks, commit in sex crimes, and also to be honest (Wow Essays, 2004). The fifth path is right livelihood which is to gain or earn money and wealth in the legal and moral way (Knierim T., 2010). The sixth path is right effort involves practicing the right will and control self-serving devotion and thirst (Wow Essays, 2004). The seventh path is right mindfulness which is to be aware and have the ability of see things without affected by the other people or e nvironment. The eighth path is right concentration refers to the mental force of focusing on the ultimate goal of Buddhism, and this involves practicing the meditation which is to clear your mind and develop the right concentration (Knierim T., 2010). Both Taoism and Buddhism believe in the life after death which is known as reincarnation (Wow Essays, 2004). They believe that life cycle does not have a beginning or an ending which simply means that life, death and rebirth are perceived as a continuous cycle; they think that death is not the end of the life (Valea E., n.d.). But both of them have different explanations and perspectives on reincarnation. According to Taoism, soul or spirit never die, it will be shift to the other body which is to reborn to be another person and this will be repeated until it attain the Tao. It is said that everyone has a inner light of oneself which can guide us back to clean and clear mind and pull away from distractions and lusts, Tao can only be obtained by following this inner light of oneself (Wow Essays, 2004). Taoism also believes that soul has the ability to travel through space and time and becomes immortal when Tao is achieved (Difference Between, 2010). Whereas in Buddhism beliefs, samsara, the wheel of rebirth and the sufferings of life will only come to an end when ones achieve Nirvana which is the highest or final state of the life cycle and become immortal (Religion Facts, 2010). The other belief of reincarnation in Buddhism that is different from the belief in Taoism is that Taoism believes that reborn is a transformation of soul from one human body to another, but according to the Buddhism belief, the cycle of birth, death and rebirth consist of good and evil behavior which divides the transmigration into three different stages and this lead to the transformation of souls into different forms respectively. The ones who act totally different way from the rules and practices of Buddhism will be send to the hell and this is the first stage of the transmigration. In the second stage, those who did something which is considered quite bad or evil will be transmigrating into animal forms, yet spirits will become more alike to human o r rebirth as a human again after turns of transmigration. The following stage which is the third stage, involves the spirit becomes chaste by putting down self egos and lusts which is change from aesthesis to non-aesthesis, and it also consist of going through many phases of spiritual transformation and rebirth; finally reach the Nirvana which is the ultimate goal of Buddhism. The stages of reincarnation is determined by ones action, it is said that the past action decide the current life, and present action decides the future life, because Buddhist believes that ones behavior is according to the mind and thoughts but not fate, therefore one shall deserve what it takes from the result of what he or she did (Wow Essays, 2004). Besides than the perspectives and beliefs, the difference between Buddhism and Taoism is the ways of handling and solving the problems in life such as health problems. According to Taoism, everything in this world has its own natural order, and the way to handle problems first is to understand the nature; the Yin-yang concept is the core concept of this particular principle. Yin-yang concept state that reality are binary which consist of the combination of two opposite elements to form the entirety by balancing these two totally opposite elements. In addition, by conquering the defectiveness of soul by attaining the balance of oneself, then lead to conducting the mental or cosmic energy that is known as Chi in one selfs body is believed that can help to heal illness or sickness of body (EduBook, 2008). The creation of the Tai Chi exercise is based on the Yin-yang concept which can help to circulate and balance the Chi in the body and maintain body health because Taoist believe that i llness are cause by the imbalance or jamming of Chi in the circulation of body (Robinson B.A., 2010) Meanwhile, in Buddhisms beliefs, problems in life like illness and sickness are a part of life; hence they should be accepted as the nature of life. Buddhism requires the finding of problems source; meditation is the practice of Buddhist that guide people to find focus, peace and calm in one self, and the presence of focus, peace and calm will help to identify the origin of problems and guidance to take good actions to overcome the problems (Knierim T., 2010). At the same time, unlike Taoists healing illness by balancing the opposite elements and conducting the Chi, Buddhists seek for medications (EduBook, 2008). However, because Buddhists believe in the nature of life, so herbal medications which are extracted and purified from the plants is the only medication that is used by Buddhists. Buddhism and Taoism are also different in how they look at relationships and marriage. According to Buddhism beliefs, marriage is not a necessary event ones life, so there is no special type of ceremony or practices for getting married. Besides that, sexual activity is only accepted socially and ethically when it takes place in marriage, and it is not accepted when there is not within a marriage relationship. Buddhism beliefs that in a marriage, both husband and wife will need to possess four important qualities to become a well-matched and maintain a good marriage, the four qualities are faith, virtue, generosity and wisdom. Faith requires the understanding between the husband and wife, it is through understanding each another helps to build up trust, honor and faith, and faith is the main key which will lead to the development of virtue, generosity and wisdom. According to Buddhism beliefs, satisfactions of the five senses and reproduction are the two main purposes of marriage beca use it is said that not a single figure, sound, smell, savor and touch can attract a man more than a woman and this same goes to a woman. Besides that, reproduction is important to the society because of the obligations of the family which means children will be the one who are responsible to take care and support the parents and protect and continue the unique customs of the family (Gamage C., 1998). On the other hand, Taoism believes that woman represents Yin and man represents Yang, and the Tao means the path to harmony will be achieved when a woman and a man get into a relationship and commit together as one, the Yin chi will be accepted by the man and Yang chi will be received by the woman, then both Yin and Yang will combined into one and balanced. Some people relate the word Tao with marriage by saying that marriage is the Tao to future means the way or path towards the future because the life after marriage is like a new life and through marriage babies are born: babies are the hope and creation for the future. At the same time, since Taoism emphasize on balancing and harmony of nature, it also laid stress on the harmony of the relationships between people especially for husband and wife. Thus, husband and wife should avoid confrontations and serious conflicts. Prevention of confrontations or even conflicts can be made by calm, love, caring, respect, acceptance, humility, communication, emotional control, self-awareness, self reflections, sacrifice, and support and understanding of each another. On the whole, both Taoism and Buddhism are religions that guide people how to live a good life and teach the important values of life. These two religions have some similarities and sometimes these similarities may even cause people to mistaken that both of them are the same religion or some may mistaken the beliefs and practices of Buddhism and the beliefs and practices of Taoism. There are similar beliefs between these two religions such as both of them believe in the life after death and life cycle never end and also both have similar ultimate goal, but their objective principles, their understanding, beliefs and interpretation about the life after death, their perspectives and methods to deal with the problems especially health problems in life, and their point of view and practices in relationships and marriage are very different. Both have their unique and different way of thinking and interpretation of life. References List Buddhism Temples (n.d.). Buddhist Belief. The Noble Eightfold Path. Retrieved on October 27, 2010 from http://www.buddhist-temples.com/buddhism-facts/buddhist-belief.html Difference Between (2010). Difference Between Taoism and Buddhism. Taoism vs Buddhism. Retrieved on October 27, 2010 from http://www.differencebetween.net/miscellaneous/ difference-betweentaoism-and-buddhism/ EduBook (2008). Buddhism vs. Taoism. Retrieved on October 27, 2010 from http://www.edubook.com/buddhism-vs-taoism/22661/ Gamage, C. (1998). Buddhism Sensuality. Colombo: Karunaratne Sons Ltd. Knierim, T. (2010). The Noble Eightfold Path. Retrieved on October 27, 2010 from http://www.thebigview.com/buddhism/eightfoldpath.html ReligionFacts (2010). Buddhist Beliefs about the Afterlife. Nirvana. Retrieved on October 25, 2010 from http://www.religionfacts.com/buddhism/beliefs/afterlife.htm Robinson, B.A. (2010). Taoism (a.k.a. Daoism). Retrieved on October 27, 2010 from http://www.religioustolerance.org/taoism2.htm Valea, E. (n.d.). Reincarnation. Its meaning and consequences. Retrieved on October 26, 2010 from http://www.comparativereligion.com/reincarnation.html Wow Essays (2010). Buddhism and Taoism. Retrieved on October 27, 2010 from http://www.wowessays.com/dbase/af1/nyv94.shtml